Functions (alphabetical)
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This topic contains all functions supported by GoogleSQL for BigQuery.

Function list

Name	Summary
`ABS`	Computes the absolute value of `X`.
`ACOS`	Computes the inverse cosine of `X`.
`ACOSH`	Computes the inverse hyperbolic cosine of `X`.
`AEAD.DECRYPT_BYTES`	Uses the matching key from a keyset to decrypt a `BYTES` ciphertext.
`AEAD.DECRYPT_STRING`	Uses the matching key from a keyset to decrypt a `BYTES` ciphertext into a `STRING` plaintext.
`AEAD.ENCRYPT`	Encrypts `STRING` plaintext, using the primary cryptographic key in a keyset.
`ANY_VALUE`	Gets an expression for some row.
`APPENDS`	Returns all rows appended to a table for a given time range.
`APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT`	Gets the approximate result for `COUNT(DISTINCT expression)`.
`APPROX_QUANTILES`	Gets the approximate quantile boundaries.
`APPROX_TOP_COUNT`	Gets the approximate top elements and their approximate count.
`APPROX_TOP_SUM`	Gets the approximate top elements and sum, based on the approximate sum of an assigned weight.
`ARRAY`	Produces an array with one element for each row in a subquery.
`ARRAY_AGG`	Gets an array of values.
`ARRAY_CONCAT`	Concatenates one or more arrays with the same element type into a single array.
`ARRAY_CONCAT_AGG`	Concatenates arrays and returns a single array as a result.
`ARRAY_LENGTH`	Gets the number of elements in an array.
`ARRAY_REVERSE`	Reverses the order of elements in an array.
`ARRAY_TO_STRING`	Produces a concatenation of the elements in an array as a `STRING` value.
`ASCII`	Gets the ASCII code for the first character or byte in a `STRING` or `BYTES` value.
`ASIN`	Computes the inverse sine of `X`.
`ASINH`	Computes the inverse hyperbolic sine of `X`.
`ATAN`	Computes the inverse tangent of `X`.
`ATAN2`	Computes the inverse tangent of `X/Y`, using the signs of `X` and `Y` to determine the quadrant.
`ATANH`	Computes the inverse hyperbolic tangent of `X`.
`AVG`	Gets the average of non-`NULL` values.
`AVG` (Differential Privacy)	`DIFFERENTIAL_PRIVACY`-supported `AVG`. Gets the differentially-private average of non-`NULL`, non-`NaN` values in a query with a `DIFFERENTIAL_PRIVACY` clause.
`BAG_OF_WORDS`	Gets the frequency of each term (token) in a tokenized document.
`BIT_AND`	Performs a bitwise AND operation on an expression.
`BIT_COUNT`	Gets the number of bits that are set in an input expression.
`BIT_OR`	Performs a bitwise OR operation on an expression.
`BIT_XOR`	Performs a bitwise XOR operation on an expression.
`BOOL`	Converts a JSON boolean to a SQL `BOOL` value.
`BYTE_LENGTH`	Gets the number of `BYTES` in a `STRING` or `BYTES` value.
`CAST`	Convert the results of an expression to the given type.
`CBRT`	Computes the cube root of `X`.
`CEIL`	Gets the smallest integral value that isn't less than `X`.
`CEILING`	Synonym of `CEIL`.
`CHANGES`	Returns all rows that have changed in a table for a given time range.
`CHAR_LENGTH`	Gets the number of characters in a `STRING` value.
`CHARACTER_LENGTH`	Synonym for `CHAR_LENGTH`.
`CHR`	Converts a Unicode code point to a character.
`CODE_POINTS_TO_BYTES`	Converts an array of extended ASCII code points to a `BYTES` value.
`CODE_POINTS_TO_STRING`	Converts an array of extended ASCII code points to a `STRING` value.
`COLLATE`	Combines a `STRING` value and a collation specification into a collation specification-supported `STRING` value.
`CONCAT`	Concatenates one or more `STRING` or `BYTES` values into a single result.
`CONTAINS_SUBSTR`	Performs a normalized, case-insensitive search to see if a value exists as a substring in an expression.
`CORR`	Computes the Pearson coefficient of correlation of a set of number pairs.
`COS`	Computes the cosine of `X`.
`COSH`	Computes the hyperbolic cosine of `X`.
`COSINE_DISTANCE`	Computes the cosine distance between two vectors.
`COT`	Computes the cotangent of `X`.
`COTH`	Computes the hyperbolic cotangent of `X`.
`COUNT`	Gets the number of rows in the input, or the number of rows with an expression evaluated to any value other than `NULL`.
`COUNT` (Differential Privacy)	`DIFFERENTIAL_PRIVACY`-supported `COUNT`. Signature 1: Gets the differentially-private count of rows in a query with a `DIFFERENTIAL_PRIVACY` clause. Signature 2: Gets the differentially-private count of rows with a non-`NULL` expression in a query with a `DIFFERENTIAL_PRIVACY` clause.
`COUNTIF`	Gets the number of `TRUE` values for an expression.
`COVAR_POP`	Computes the population covariance of a set of number pairs.
`COVAR_SAMP`	Computes the sample covariance of a set of number pairs.
`CSC`	Computes the cosecant of `X`.
`CSCH`	Computes the hyperbolic cosecant of `X`.
`CUME_DIST`	Gets the cumulative distribution (relative position (0,1]) of each row within a window.
`CURRENT_DATE`	Returns the current date as a `DATE` value.
`CURRENT_DATETIME`	Returns the current date and time as a `DATETIME` value.
`CURRENT_TIME`	Returns the current time as a `TIME` value.
`CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`	Returns the current date and time as a `TIMESTAMP` object.
`DATE`	Constructs a `DATE` value.
`DATE_ADD`	Adds a specified time interval to a `DATE` value.
`DATE_BUCKET`	Gets the lower bound of the date bucket that contains a date.
`DATE_DIFF`	Gets the number of unit boundaries between two `DATE` values at a particular time granularity.
`DATE_FROM_UNIX_DATE`	Interprets an `INT64` expression as the number of days since 1970-01-01.
`DATE_SUB`	Subtracts a specified time interval from a `DATE` value.
`DATE_TRUNC`	Truncates a `DATE`, `DATETIME`, or `TIMESTAMP` value at a particular granularity.
`DATETIME`	Constructs a `DATETIME` value.
`DATETIME_ADD`	Adds a specified time interval to a `DATETIME` value.
`DATETIME_BUCKET`	Gets the lower bound of the datetime bucket that contains a datetime.
`DATETIME_DIFF`	Gets the number of unit boundaries between two `DATETIME` values at a particular time granularity.
`DATETIME_SUB`	Subtracts a specified time interval from a `DATETIME` value.
`DATETIME_TRUNC`	Truncates a `DATETIME` or `TIMESTAMP` value at a particular granularity.
`DENSE_RANK`	Gets the dense rank (1-based, no gaps) of each row within a window.
`DETERMINISTIC_DECRYPT_BYTES`	Uses the matching key from a keyset to decrypt a `BYTES` ciphertext, using deterministic AEAD.
`DETERMINISTIC_DECRYPT_STRING`	Uses the matching key from a keyset to decrypt a `BYTES` ciphertext into a `STRING` plaintext, using deterministic AEAD.
`DETERMINISTIC_ENCRYPT`	Encrypts `STRING` plaintext, using the primary cryptographic key in a keyset, using deterministic AEAD encryption.
`DIV`	Divides integer `X` by integer `Y`.
`DLP_DETERMINISTIC_ENCRYPT`	Encrypts data with a DLP compatible algorithm.
`DLP_DETERMINISTIC_DECRYPT`	Decrypts DLP-encrypted data.
`DLP_KEY_CHAIN`	Gets a data encryption key that's wrapped by Cloud Key Management Service.
`FLOAT64`	Converts a JSON number to a SQL `FLOAT64` value.
`EDIT_DISTANCE`	Computes the Levenshtein distance between two `STRING` or `BYTES` values.
`ENDS_WITH`	Checks if a `STRING` or `BYTES` value is the suffix of another value.
`ERROR`	Produces an error with a custom error message.
`EXP`	Computes `e` to the power of `X`.
`EXTERNAL_OBJECT_TRANSFORM`	Produces an object table with the original columns plus one or more additional columns.
`EXTERNAL_QUERY`	Executes a query on an external database and returns the results as a temporary table.
`EXTRACT`	Extracts part of a date from a `DATE` value.
`EXTRACT`	Extracts part of a date and time from a `DATETIME` value.
`EXTRACT`	Extracts part of an `INTERVAL` value.
`EXTRACT`	Extracts part of a `TIME` value.
`EXTRACT`	Extracts part of a `TIMESTAMP` value.
`EUCLIDEAN_DISTANCE`	Computes the Euclidean distance between two vectors.
`FARM_FINGERPRINT`	Computes the fingerprint of a `STRING` or `BYTES` value, using the FarmHash Fingerprint64 algorithm.
`FIRST_VALUE`	Gets a value for the first row in the current window frame.
`FLOOR`	Gets the largest integral value that isn't greater than `X`.
`FORMAT_DATE`	Formats a `DATE` value according to a specified format string.
`FORMAT_DATETIME`	Formats a `DATETIME` value according to a specified format string.
`FORMAT_TIME`	Formats a `TIME` value according to the specified format string.
`FORMAT_TIMESTAMP`	Formats a `TIMESTAMP` value according to the specified format string.
`FORMAT`	Formats data and produces the results as a `STRING` value.
`FROM_BASE32`	Converts a base32-encoded `STRING` value into a `BYTES` value.
`FROM_BASE64`	Converts a base64-encoded `STRING` value into a `BYTES` value.
`FROM_HEX`	Converts a hexadecimal-encoded `STRING` value into a `BYTES` value.
`GAP_FILL`	Finds and fills gaps in a time series.
`GENERATE_ARRAY`	Generates an array of values in a range.
`GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY`	Generates an array of dates in a range.
`GENERATE_RANGE_ARRAY`	Splits a range into an array of subranges.
`GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY`	Generates an array of timestamps in a range.
`GENERATE_UUID`	Produces a random universally unique identifier (UUID) as a `STRING` value.
`GREATEST`	Gets the greatest value among `X1,...,XN`.
`GROUPING`	Checks if a groupable value in the `GROUP BY` clause is aggregated.
`HLL_COUNT.EXTRACT`	Extracts a cardinality estimate of an HLL++ sketch.
`HLL_COUNT.INIT`	Aggregates values of the same underlying type into a new HLL++ sketch.
`HLL_COUNT.MERGE`	Merges HLL++ sketches of the same underlying type into a new sketch, and then gets the cardinality of the new sketch.
`HLL_COUNT.MERGE_PARTIAL`	Merges HLL++ sketches of the same underlying type into a new sketch.
`IEEE_DIVIDE`	Divides `X` by `Y`, but doesn't generate errors for division by zero or overflow.
`INITCAP`	Formats a `STRING` as proper case, which means that the first character in each word is uppercase and all other characters are lowercase.
`INSTR`	Finds the position of a subvalue inside another value, optionally starting the search at a given offset or occurrence.
`INT64`	Converts a JSON number to a SQL `INT64` value.
`IS_INF`	Checks if `X` is positive or negative infinity.
`IS_NAN`	Checks if `X` is a `NaN` value.
`JSON_ARRAY`	Creates a JSON array.
`JSON_ARRAY_APPEND`	Appends JSON data to the end of a JSON array.
`JSON_ARRAY_INSERT`	Inserts JSON data into a JSON array.
`JSON_EXTRACT`	(Deprecated) Extracts a JSON value and converts it to a SQL JSON-formatted `STRING` or `JSON` value.
`JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY`	(Deprecated) Extracts a JSON array and converts it to a SQL `ARRAY<JSON-formatted STRING>` or `ARRAY<JSON>` value.
`JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR`	(Deprecated) Extracts a JSON scalar value and converts it to a SQL `STRING` value.
`JSON_EXTRACT_STRING_ARRAY`	(Deprecated) Extracts a JSON array of scalar values and converts it to a SQL `ARRAY<STRING>` value.
`JSON_KEYS`	Extracts unique JSON keys from a JSON expression.
`JSON_OBJECT`	Creates a JSON object.
`JSON_QUERY`	Extracts a JSON value and converts it to a SQL JSON-formatted `STRING` or `JSON` value.
`JSON_QUERY_ARRAY`	Extracts a JSON array and converts it to a SQL `ARRAY<JSON-formatted STRING>` or `ARRAY<JSON>` value.
`JSON_REMOVE`	Produces JSON with the specified JSON data removed.
`JSON_SET`	Inserts or replaces JSON data.
`JSON_STRIP_NULLS`	Removes JSON nulls from JSON objects and JSON arrays.
`JSON_TYPE`	Gets the JSON type of the outermost JSON value and converts the name of this type to a SQL `STRING` value.
`JSON_VALUE`	Extracts a JSON scalar value and converts it to a SQL `STRING` value.
`JSON_VALUE_ARRAY`	Extracts a JSON array of scalar values and converts it to a SQL `ARRAY<STRING>` value.
`JUSTIFY_DAYS`	Normalizes the day part of an `INTERVAL` value.
`JUSTIFY_HOURS`	Normalizes the time part of an `INTERVAL` value.
`JUSTIFY_INTERVAL`	Normalizes the day and time parts of an `INTERVAL` value.
`KEYS.ADD_KEY_FROM_RAW_BYTES`	Adds a key to a keyset, and return the new keyset as a serialized `BYTES` value.
`KEYS.KEYSET_CHAIN`	Produces a Tink keyset that's encrypted with a Cloud KMS key.
`KEYS.KEYSET_FROM_JSON`	Converts a `STRING` JSON keyset to a serialized `BYTES` value.
`KEYS.KEYSET_LENGTH`	Gets the number of keys in the provided keyset.
`KEYS.KEYSET_TO_JSON`	Gets a JSON `STRING` representation of a keyset.
`KEYS.NEW_KEYSET`	Gets a serialized keyset containing a new key based on the key type.
`KEYS.NEW_WRAPPED_KEYSET`	Creates a new keyset and encrypts it with a Cloud KMS key.
`KEYS.REWRAP_KEYSET`	Re-encrypts a wrapped keyset with a new Cloud KMS key.
`KEYS.ROTATE_KEYSET`	Adds a new primary cryptographic key to a keyset, based on the key type.
`KEYS.ROTATE_WRAPPED_KEYSET`	Rewraps a keyset and rotates it.
`KLL_QUANTILES.EXTRACT_INT64`	Gets a selected number of quantiles from an `INT64`-initialized KLL sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.EXTRACT_FLOAT64`	Gets a selected number of quantiles from a `FLOAT64`-initialized KLL sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.EXTRACT_POINT_INT64`	Gets a specific quantile from an `INT64`-initialized KLL sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.EXTRACT_POINT_FLOAT64`	Gets a specific quantile from a `FLOAT64`-initialized KLL sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.INIT_INT64`	Aggregates values into an `INT64`-initialized KLL sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.INIT_FLOAT64`	Aggregates values into a `FLOAT64`-initialized KLL sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.MERGE_INT64`	Merges `INT64`-initialized KLL sketches into a new sketch, and then gets the quantiles from the new sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.MERGE_FLOAT64`	Merges `FLOAT64`-initialized KLL sketches into a new sketch, and then gets the quantiles from the new sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.MERGE_PARTIAL`	Merges KLL sketches of the same underlying type into a new sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.MERGE_POINT_INT64`	Merges `INT64`-initialized KLL sketches into a new sketch, and then gets a specific quantile from the new sketch.
`KLL_QUANTILES.MERGE_POINT_FLOAT64`	Merges `FLOAT64`-initialized KLL sketches into a new sketch, and then gets a specific quantile from the new sketch.
`LAG`	Gets a value for a preceding row.
`LAST_DAY`	Gets the last day in a specified time period that contains a `DATE` value.
`LAST_DAY`	Gets the last day in a specified time period that contains a `DATETIME` value.
`LAST_VALUE`	Gets a value for the last row in the current window frame.
`LAX_BOOL`	Attempts to convert a JSON value to a SQL `BOOL` value.
`LAX_FLOAT64`	Attempts to convert a JSON value to a SQL `FLOAT64` value.
`LAX_INT64`	Attempts to convert a JSON value to a SQL `INT64` value.
`LAX_STRING`	Attempts to convert a JSON value to a SQL `STRING` value.
`LEAD`	Gets a value for a subsequent row.
`LEAST`	Gets the least value among `X1,...,XN`.
`LEFT`	Gets the specified leftmost portion from a `STRING` or `BYTES` value.
`LENGTH`	Gets the length of a `STRING` or `BYTES` value.
`LN`	Computes the natural logarithm of `X`.
`LOG`	Computes the natural logarithm of `X` or the logarithm of `X` to base `Y`.
`LOG10`	Computes the natural logarithm of `X` to base 10.
`LOGICAL_AND`	Gets the logical AND of all non-`NULL` expressions.
`LOGICAL_OR`	Gets the logical OR of all non-`NULL` expressions.
`LOWER`	Formats alphabetic characters in a `STRING` value as lowercase. Formats ASCII characters in a `BYTES` value as lowercase.
`LPAD`	Prepends a `STRING` or `BYTES` value with a pattern.
`LTRIM`	Identical to the `TRIM` function, but only removes leading characters.
`MAKE_INTERVAL`	Constructs an `INTERVAL` value.
`MAX`	Gets the maximum non-`NULL` value.
`MAX_BY`	Synonym for `ANY_VALUE(x HAVING MAX y)`.
`MD5`	Computes the hash of a `STRING` or `BYTES` value, using the MD5 algorithm.
`MIN`	Gets the minimum non-`NULL` value.
`MIN_BY`	Synonym for `ANY_VALUE(x HAVING MIN y)`.
`MOD`	Gets the remainder of the division of `X` by `Y`.
`NET.HOST`	Gets the hostname from a URL.
`NET.IP_FROM_STRING`	Converts an IPv4 or IPv6 address from a `STRING` value to a `BYTES` value in network byte order.
`NET.IP_NET_MASK`	Gets a network mask.
`NET.IP_TO_STRING`	Converts an IPv4 or IPv6 address from a `BYTES` value in network byte order to a `STRING` value.
`NET.IP_TRUNC`	Converts a `BYTES` IPv4 or IPv6 address in network byte order to a `BYTES` subnet address.
`NET.IPV4_FROM_INT64`	Converts an IPv4 address from an `INT64` value to a `BYTES` value in network byte order.
`NET.IPV4_TO_INT64`	Converts an IPv4 address from a `BYTES` value in network byte order to an `INT64` value.
`NET.PUBLIC_SUFFIX`	Gets the public suffix from a URL.
`NET.REG_DOMAIN`	Gets the registered or registrable domain from a URL.
`NET.SAFE_IP_FROM_STRING`	Similar to the `NET.IP_FROM_STRING`, but returns `NULL` instead of producing an error if the input is invalid.
`NORMALIZE`	Case-sensitively normalizes the characters in a `STRING` value.
`NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD`	Case-insensitively normalizes the characters in a `STRING` value.
`NTH_VALUE`	Gets a value for the Nth row of the current window frame.
`NTILE`	Gets the quantile bucket number (1-based) of each row within a window.
`OBJ.FETCH_METADATA`	Fetches Cloud Storage metadata for a partially populated `ObjectRef` value.
`OBJ.GET_ACCESS_URL`	Returns access URLs for a Cloud Storage object.
`OBJ.MAKE_REF`	Creates an `ObjectRef` value that contains reference information for a Cloud Storage object.
`OCTET_LENGTH`	Alias for `BYTE_LENGTH`.
`PARSE_BIGNUMERIC`	Converts a `STRING` value to a `BIGNUMERIC` value.
`PARSE_DATE`	Converts a `STRING` value to a `DATE` value.
`PARSE_DATETIME`	Converts a `STRING` value to a `DATETIME` value.
`PARSE_JSON`	Converts a JSON-formatted `STRING` value to a `JSON` value.
`PARSE_NUMERIC`	Converts a `STRING` value to a `NUMERIC` value.
`PARSE_TIME`	Converts a `STRING` value to a `TIME` value.
`PARSE_TIMESTAMP`	Converts a `STRING` value to a `TIMESTAMP` value.
`PERCENT_RANK`	Gets the percentile rank (from 0 to 1) of each row within a window.
`PERCENTILE_CONT`	Computes the specified percentile for a value, using linear interpolation.
`PERCENTILE_CONT` (Differential Privacy)	`DIFFERENTIAL_PRIVACY`-supported `PERCENTILE_CONT`. Computes a differentially-private percentile across privacy unit columns in a query with a `DIFFERENTIAL_PRIVACY` clause.
`PERCENTILE_DISC`	Computes the specified percentile for a discrete value.
`POW`	Produces the value of `X` raised to the power of `Y`.
`POWER`	Synonym of `POW`.
`RAND`	Generates a pseudo-random value of type `FLOAT64` in the range of `[0, 1)`.
`RANGE`	Constructs a range of `DATE`, `DATETIME`, or `TIMESTAMP` values.
`RANGE_BUCKET`	Scans through a sorted array and returns the 0-based position of a point's upper bound.
`RANGE_CONTAINS`	Signature 1: Checks if one range is in another range. Signature 2: Checks if a value is in a range.
`RANGE_END`	Gets the upper bound of a range.
`RANGE_INTERSECT`	Gets a segment of two ranges that intersect.
`RANGE_OVERLAPS`	Checks if two ranges overlap.
`RANGE_SESSIONIZE`	Produces a table of sessionized ranges.
`RANGE_START`	Gets the lower bound of a range.
`RANK`	Gets the rank (1-based) of each row within a window.
`REGEXP_CONTAINS`	Checks if a value is a partial match for a regular expression.
`REGEXP_EXTRACT`	Produces a substring that matches a regular expression.
`REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL`	Produces an array of all substrings that match a regular expression.
`REGEXP_INSTR`	Finds the position of a regular expression match in a value, optionally starting the search at a given offset or occurrence.
`REGEXP_REPLACE`	Produces a `STRING` value where all substrings that match a regular expression are replaced with a specified value.
`REGEXP_SUBSTR`	Synonym for `REGEXP_EXTRACT`.
`REPEAT`	Produces a `STRING` or `BYTES` value that consists of an original value, repeated.
`REPLACE`	Replaces all occurrences of a pattern with another pattern in a `STRING` or `BYTES` value.
`REVERSE`	Reverses a `STRING` or `BYTES` value.
`RIGHT`	Gets the specified rightmost portion from a `STRING` or `BYTES` value.
`ROUND`	Rounds `X` to the nearest integer or rounds `X` to `N` decimal places after the decimal point.
`ROW_NUMBER`	Gets the sequential row number (1-based) of each row within a window.
`RPAD`	Appends a `STRING` or `BYTES` value with a pattern.
`RTRIM`	Identical to the `TRIM` function, but only removes trailing characters.
`S2_CELLIDFROMPOINT`	Gets the S2 cell ID covering a point `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`S2_COVERINGCELLIDS`	Gets an array of S2 cell IDs that cover a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`SAFE_ADD`	Equivalent to the addition operator (`X + Y`), but returns `NULL` if overflow occurs.
`SAFE_CAST`	Similar to the `CAST` function, but returns `NULL` when a runtime error is produced.
`SAFE_CONVERT_BYTES_TO_STRING`	Converts a `BYTES` value to a `STRING` value and replace any invalid UTF-8 characters with the Unicode replacement character, `U+FFFD`.
`SAFE_DIVIDE`	Equivalent to the division operator (`X / Y`), but returns `NULL` if an error occurs.
`SAFE_MULTIPLY`	Equivalent to the multiplication operator (`X * Y`), but returns `NULL` if overflow occurs.
`SAFE_NEGATE`	Equivalent to the unary minus operator (`-X`), but returns `NULL` if overflow occurs.
`SAFE_SUBTRACT`	Equivalent to the subtraction operator (`X - Y`), but returns `NULL` if overflow occurs.
`SEARCH`	Checks to see whether a table or other search data contains a set of search terms.
`SEC`	Computes the secant of `X`.
`SECH`	Computes the hyperbolic secant of `X`.
`SESSION_USER`	Get the email address or principal identifier of the user that's running the query.
`SHA1`	Computes the hash of a `STRING` or `BYTES` value, using the SHA-1 algorithm.
`SHA256`	Computes the hash of a `STRING` or `BYTES` value, using the SHA-256 algorithm.
`SHA512`	Computes the hash of a `STRING` or `BYTES` value, using the SHA-512 algorithm.
`SIGN`	Produces -1 , 0, or +1 for negative, zero, and positive arguments respectively.
`SIN`	Computes the sine of `X`.
`SINH`	Computes the hyperbolic sine of `X`.
`SOUNDEX`	Gets the Soundex codes for words in a `STRING` value.
`SPLIT`	Splits a `STRING` or `BYTES` value, using a delimiter.
`SQRT`	Computes the square root of `X`.
`ST_ANGLE`	Takes three point `GEOGRAPHY` values, which represent two intersecting lines, and returns the angle between these lines.
`ST_AREA`	Gets the area covered by the polygons in a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_ASBINARY`	Converts a `GEOGRAPHY` value to a `BYTES` WKB geography value.
`ST_ASGEOJSON`	Converts a `GEOGRAPHY` value to a `STRING` GeoJSON geography value.
`ST_ASTEXT`	Converts a `GEOGRAPHY` value to a `STRING` WKT geography value.
`ST_AZIMUTH`	Gets the azimuth of a line segment formed by two point `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_BOUNDARY`	Gets the union of component boundaries in a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_BOUNDINGBOX`	Gets the bounding box for a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_BUFFER`	Gets the buffer around a `GEOGRAPHY` value, using a specific number of segments.
`ST_BUFFERWITHTOLERANCE`	Gets the buffer around a `GEOGRAPHY` value, using tolerance.
`ST_CENTROID`	Gets the centroid of a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_CENTROID_AGG`	Gets the centroid of a set of `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_CLOSESTPOINT`	Gets the point on a `GEOGRAPHY` value which is closest to any point in a second `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_CLUSTERDBSCAN`	Performs DBSCAN clustering on a group of `GEOGRAPHY` values and produces a 0-based cluster number for this row.
`ST_CONTAINS`	Checks if one `GEOGRAPHY` value contains another `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_CONVEXHULL`	Returns the convex hull for a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_COVEREDBY`	Checks if all points of a `GEOGRAPHY` value are on the boundary or interior of another `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_COVERS`	Checks if all points of a `GEOGRAPHY` value are on the boundary or interior of another `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_DIFFERENCE`	Gets the point set difference between two `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_DIMENSION`	Gets the dimension of the highest-dimensional element in a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_DISJOINT`	Checks if two `GEOGRAPHY` values are disjoint (don't intersect).
`ST_DISTANCE`	Gets the shortest distance in meters between two `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_DUMP`	Returns an array of simple `GEOGRAPHY` components in a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_DWITHIN`	Checks if any points in two `GEOGRAPHY` values are within a given distance.
`ST_ENDPOINT`	Gets the last point of a linestring `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_EQUALS`	Checks if two `GEOGRAPHY` values represent the same `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_EXTENT`	Gets the bounding box for a group of `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_EXTERIORRING`	Returns a linestring `GEOGRAPHY` value that corresponds to the outermost ring of a polygon `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_GEOGFROM`	Converts a `STRING` or `BYTES` value into a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_GEOGFROMGEOJSON`	Converts a `STRING` GeoJSON geometry value into a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_GEOGFROMTEXT`	Converts a `STRING` WKT geometry value into a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_GEOGFROMWKB`	Converts a `BYTES` or hexadecimal-text `STRING` WKT geometry value into a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_GEOGPOINT`	Creates a point `GEOGRAPHY` value for a given longitude and latitude.
`ST_GEOGPOINTFROMGEOHASH`	Gets a point `GEOGRAPHY` value that's in the middle of a bounding box defined in a `STRING` GeoHash value.
`ST_GEOHASH`	Converts a point `GEOGRAPHY` value to a `STRING` GeoHash value.
`ST_GEOMETRYTYPE`	Gets the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) geometry type for a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_HAUSDORFFDISTANCE`	Gets the discrete Hausdorff distance between two geometries.
`ST_HAUSDORFFDWITHIN`	Checks if the Hausdorff distance between two `GEOGRAPHY` values is within a given distance.
`ST_INTERIORRINGS`	Gets the interior rings of a polygon `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_INTERSECTION`	Gets the point set intersection of two `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_INTERSECTS`	Checks if at least one point appears in two `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_INTERSECTSBOX`	Checks if a `GEOGRAPHY` value intersects a rectangle.
`ST_ISCLOSED`	Checks if all components in a `GEOGRAPHY` value are closed.
`ST_ISCOLLECTION`	Checks if the total number of points, linestrings, and polygons is greater than one in a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_ISEMPTY`	Checks if a `GEOGRAPHY` value is empty.
`ST_ISRING`	Checks if a `GEOGRAPHY` value is a closed, simple linestring.
`ST_LENGTH`	Gets the total length of lines in a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_LINEINTERPOLATEPOINT`	Gets a point at a specific fraction in a linestring `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_LINELOCATEPOINT`	Gets a section of a linestring `GEOGRAPHY` value between the start point and a point `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_LINESUBSTRING`	Gets a segment of a single linestring at a specific starting and ending fraction.
`ST_MAKELINE`	Creates a linestring `GEOGRAPHY` value by concatenating the point and linestring vertices of `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_MAKEPOLYGON`	Constructs a polygon `GEOGRAPHY` value by combining a polygon shell with polygon holes.
`ST_MAKEPOLYGONORIENTED`	Constructs a polygon `GEOGRAPHY` value, using an array of linestring `GEOGRAPHY` values. The vertex ordering of each linestring determines the orientation of each polygon ring.
`ST_MAXDISTANCE`	Gets the longest distance between two non-empty `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_NPOINTS`	An alias of `ST_NUMPOINTS`.
`ST_NUMGEOMETRIES`	Gets the number of geometries in a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_NUMPOINTS`	Gets the number of vertices in the a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_PERIMETER`	Gets the length of the boundary of the polygons in a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_POINTN`	Gets the point at a specific index of a linestring `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_REGIONSTATS`	Computes statistics describing the pixels in a geospatial raster image that intersect a `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_SIMPLIFY`	Converts a `GEOGRAPHY` value into a simplified `GEOGRAPHY` value, using tolerance.
`ST_SNAPTOGRID`	Produces a `GEOGRAPHY` value, where each vertex has been snapped to a longitude/latitude grid.
`ST_STARTPOINT`	Gets the first point of a linestring `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_TOUCHES`	Checks if two `GEOGRAPHY` values intersect and their interiors have no elements in common.
`ST_UNION`	Gets the point set union of multiple `GEOGRAPHY` values.
`ST_UNION_AGG`	Aggregates over `GEOGRAPHY` values and gets their point set union.
`ST_WITHIN`	Checks if one `GEOGRAPHY` value contains another `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_X`	Gets the longitude from a point `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`ST_Y`	Gets the latitude from a point `GEOGRAPHY` value.
`STARTS_WITH`	Checks if a `STRING` or `BYTES` value is a prefix of another value.
`STDDEV`	An alias of the `STDDEV_SAMP` function.
`STDDEV_POP`	Computes the population (biased) standard deviation of the values.
`STDDEV_SAMP`	Computes the sample (unbiased) standard deviation of the values.
`STRING` (JSON)	Converts a JSON string to a SQL `STRING` value.
`STRING` (Timestamp)	Converts a `TIMESTAMP` value to a `STRING` value.
`STRING_AGG`	Concatenates non-`NULL` `STRING` or `BYTES` values.
`STRPOS`	Finds the position of the first occurrence of a subvalue inside another value.
`SUBSTR`	Gets a portion of a `STRING` or `BYTES` value.
`SUBSTRING`	Alias for `SUBSTR`
`SUM`	Gets the sum of non-`NULL` values.
`SUM` (Differential Privacy)	`DIFFERENTIAL_PRIVACY`-supported `SUM`. Gets the differentially-private sum of non-`NULL`, non-`NaN` values in a query with a `DIFFERENTIAL_PRIVACY` clause.
`TAN`	Computes the tangent of `X`.
`TANH`	Computes the hyperbolic tangent of `X`.
`TEXT_ANALYZE`	Extracts terms (tokens) from text and converts them into a tokenized document.
`TF_IDF`	Evaluates how relevant a term (token) is to a tokenized document in a set of tokenized documents.
`TIME`	Constructs a `TIME` value.
`TIME_ADD`	Adds a specified time interval to a `TIME` value.
`TIME_DIFF`	Gets the number of unit boundaries between two `TIME` values at a particular time granularity.
`TIME_SUB`	Subtracts a specified time interval from a `TIME` value.
`TIME_TRUNC`	Truncates a `TIME` value at a particular granularity.
`TIMESTAMP`	Constructs a `TIMESTAMP` value.
`TIMESTAMP_ADD`	Adds a specified time interval to a `TIMESTAMP` value.
`TIMESTAMP_BUCKET`	Gets the lower bound of the timestamp bucket that contains a timestamp.
`TIMESTAMP_DIFF`	Gets the number of unit boundaries between two `TIMESTAMP` values at a particular time granularity.
`TIMESTAMP_MICROS`	Converts the number of microseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to a `TIMESTAMP`.
`TIMESTAMP_MILLIS`	Converts the number of milliseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to a `TIMESTAMP`.
`TIMESTAMP_SECONDS`	Converts the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to a `TIMESTAMP`.
`TIMESTAMP_SUB`	Subtracts a specified time interval from a `TIMESTAMP` value.
`TIMESTAMP_TRUNC`	Truncates a `TIMESTAMP` or `DATETIME` value at a particular granularity.
`TO_BASE32`	Converts a `BYTES` value to a base32-encoded `STRING` value.
`TO_BASE64`	Converts a `BYTES` value to a base64-encoded `STRING` value.
`TO_CODE_POINTS`	Converts a `STRING` or `BYTES` value into an array of extended ASCII code points.
`TO_HEX`	Converts a `BYTES` value to a hexadecimal `STRING` value.
`TO_JSON`	Converts a SQL value to a JSON value.
`TO_JSON_STRING`	Converts a SQL value to a JSON-formatted `STRING` value.
`TRANSLATE`	Within a value, replaces each source character with the corresponding target character.
`TRIM`	Removes the specified leading and trailing Unicode code points or bytes from a `STRING` or `BYTES` value.
`TRUNC`	Rounds a number like `ROUND(X)` or `ROUND(X, N)`, but always rounds towards zero and never overflows.
`TYPEOF`	Gets the name of the data type for an expression.
`UNICODE`	Gets the Unicode code point for the first character in a value.
`UNIX_DATE`	Converts a `DATE` value to the number of days since 1970-01-01.
`UNIX_MICROS`	Converts a `TIMESTAMP` value to the number of microseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
`UNIX_MILLIS`	Converts a `TIMESTAMP` value to the number of milliseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
`UNIX_SECONDS`	Converts a `TIMESTAMP` value to the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
`UPPER`	Formats alphabetic characters in a `STRING` value as uppercase. Formats ASCII characters in a `BYTES` value as uppercase.
`VAR_POP`	Computes the population (biased) variance of the values.
`VAR_SAMP`	Computes the sample (unbiased) variance of the values.
`VARIANCE`	An alias of `VAR_SAMP`.
`VECTOR_SEARCH`	Performs a vector search on embeddings to find semantically similar entities.

Functions (alphabetical)Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your preferences.

Function list

Functions (alphabetical)
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